Original Research
Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control in Selected LMIC Communities: Results From the NHLBI/UHG Network of Centers of Excellence for Chronic Diseases
Authors:
Vilma E. Irazola ,
Centro de Excelencia en Salud Cardiovascular para el Cono Sur, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, AR
Laura Gutierrez,
Centro de Excelencia en Salud Cardiovascular para el Cono Sur, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, AR
Gerald Bloomfield,
Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, US
Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco,
CRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, PE
Dorairaj Prabhakaran,
Public Health Foundation of India, Gurgaon; Centre for Chronic Disease Control, Gurgaon, IN
Thomas Gaziano,
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham & Women’’s Hospital, Boston, MA; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, US
Naomi S. Levitt,
Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town; Division of Diabetic Medicine and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, ZA
J. Jaime Miranda,
CRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, PE
Antonio Bernabe Ortiz,
CRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, PE
Krisela Steyn,
Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, ZA
Yangfeng Wu,
The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing; Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, CN
Denis Xavier,
St. John’s Medical College and Research Institute, St. John’s National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, IN
Lijing L. Yan,
The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing; Duke Global Health Institute and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, CN
Jiang He,
Department of Epidemiology, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, US
Adolfo Rubinstein
Centro de Excelencia en Salud Cardiovascular para el Cono Sur, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, AR
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide. The prevalence of this public health problem is increasing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in both urban and rural communities.
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in adults 35 to 74 years of age from urban and rural communities in LMICs in Africa, Asia, and South America.
Methods: The authors analyzed data from 7 population-based cross-sectional studies in selected communities in 9 LMICs that were conducted between 2008 and 2013. Age- and sex-standardized prevalence rates of prehypertension and hypertension were calculated. The prevalence rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were estimated overall and by subgroups of age, sex, and educational level.
Results: In selected communities, age- and sex-standardized prevalence rates of hypertension among men and women 35 to 74 years of age were 49.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 42.3% to 57.4%) in Kenya, 54.9% (95% CI: 51.3% to 58.4%) in South Africa, 52.5% (95% CI: 50.1% to 54.8%) in China, 32.5% (95% CI: 31.7% to 33.3%) in India, 42.3% (95% CI: 40.4% to 44.2%) in Pakistan, 45.4% (95% CI: 43.6% to 47.2%) in Argentina, 39.9% (95% CI: 37.8% to 42.1%) in Chile, 19.2% (95% CI: 17.8% to 20.5%) in Peru, and 44.1% (95% CI: 41.6% to 46.6%) in Uruguay. The proportion of awareness varied from 33.5% in India to 69.0% in Peru, the proportion of treatment among those who were aware of their hypertension varied from 70.8% in South Africa to 93.3% in Pakistan, and the proportion of blood pressure control varied from 5.3% in China to 45.9% in Peru.
Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension varies widely in different communities. The rates of awareness, treatment, and control also differ in different settings. There is a clear need to focus on increasing hypertension awareness and control in LMICs.
Highlights
- The prevalence of hypertension varies widely in different communities across selected low- and middle-income countries.
- Globally, awareness of hypertension varies between 33% and 69%.
- Although the proportion of individuals aware of their condition who receive treatment is greater than 70%, the overall hypertension control rate is still low.
How to Cite:
Irazola VE, Gutierrez L, Bloomfield G, Carrillo-Larco RM, Prabhakaran D, Gaziano T, et al.. Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control in Selected LMIC Communities: Results From the NHLBI/UHG Network of Centers of Excellence for Chronic Diseases. Global Heart. 2016;11(1):47–59. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2015.12.008
Published on
01 Mar 2016.
Peer Reviewed
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